Have you ever wondered which states contribute to India’s reputation as one of the largest tea producers in the world? From the misty hills of Assam to the lush gardens of Kerala, each region offers a unique blend of flavours and aromas that define the essence of Indian tea.
India is not just a tea-drinking nation it’s a global leader in tea cultivation, exporting millions of kilograms annually to satisfy tea lovers worldwide.
In this blog, we explore the top 10 largest tea-producing states in India that form the backbone of the nation’s tea industry. Discover the regions, their unique tea varieties, and the cultural significance that makes Indian tea truly remarkable.
Why is India a Leading Tea Producer Globally?
India’s prominence as a leading tea producer stems from its favourable geographical conditions, including diverse climates, fertile soil, and abundant rainfall.
The country’s long history of tea cultivation, dating back to the British colonial era, laid a strong foundation for its tea industry. India grows a wide range of tea varieties, such as Assam, Darjeeling, and Nilgiri, each offering unique flavours and characteristics that appeal to global markets.
Additionally, India has a well-developed infrastructure for tea production, with thousands of small-scale farmers contributing to the industry alongside large estates.
Government policies and initiatives like the Tea Board of India support quality improvement and export promotion. These factors collectively ensure India’s dominant position in the global tea market.
What Are the Unique Characteristics of Indian Tea Varieties?
Indian teas are celebrated for their diverse flavours and distinct characteristics. Assam tea is known for its bold, malty taste and strong aroma, making it a favourite blend for chai.
Darjeeling tea, often called the “Champagne of Teas,” offers a light, floral flavour with a muscatel note that appeals to connoisseurs. Nilgiri tea from Tamil Nadu is valued for its smoothness and versatility, and it is often used in flavoured teas and blends.
Moreover, India also produces green and speciality teas, particularly in states like Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh, which emphasize organic farming. These unique attributes make Indian tea an integral part of the global tea culture, catering to varied palates across the world.
How Does Climate Affect Tea Cultivation in India?
The climate plays a critical role in tea cultivation, directly influencing the quality and flavour of tea leaves. Regions like Assam and West Bengal benefit from tropical climates with high humidity and ample rainfall, creating conditions ideal for robust tea growth.
The cooler, misty weather of high-altitude areas such as Darjeeling and Nilgiri helps develop the unique aroma and delicate flavours of premium tea varieties.
Seasonal variations also impact the production cycles, with first-flush teas harvested in spring offering lighter flavours and second-flush teas providing richer, bolder tastes. Changes in climate patterns, however, pose challenges, requiring innovations like drought-resistant cultivation and sustainable farming practices to maintain consistent quality.
How Does the Tea Industry Support Local Economies?
India’s tea industry is a major economic driver, employing millions, particularly in rural areas. Tea estates support workers through housing, healthcare, and educational facilities, contributing to community development. States like Assam, Kerala, and West Bengal rely heavily on tea cultivation for regional economic stability.
Small-scale growers also play a significant role, benefiting from cooperative models and government subsidies. Export revenue from tea further boosts India’s economy, as the country remains one of the largest tea exporters globally.
Sustainable practices and fair-trade certifications are increasingly being adopted to ensure ethical production and equitable benefits for workers.
What Sustainability Practices Are Adopted by Indian Tea Estates?
Sustainability has become a focus for India’s tea industry as it adapts to environmental and social challenges. Many tea estates have transitioned to organic farming, particularly in states like Sikkim and Kerala, which prioritize pesticide-free cultivation.
Efforts to reduce water usage, minimize carbon footprints, and adopt renewable energy sources are increasingly common.
Additionally, fair-trade practices and worker welfare programs are integral to sustainability efforts, ensuring better living standards for labourers. Estates also promote biodiversity conservation by integrating agroforestry and protecting native species.
These practices not only preserve the environment but also enhance the reputation of Indian tea in global markets.
What Role Does India Play in Global Tea Exports?
India is one of the world’s top tea exporters, contributing significantly to global tea demand. States like Assam and West Bengal dominate exports with their premium varieties, including Assam CTC tea and Darjeeling tea. Indian tea is particularly popular in countries like the UK, Russia, and the Middle East, where its robust flavour is highly valued.
India’s export strategy emphasizes quality certifications, organic certifications, and sustainable production practices. The government also supports export initiatives through programs and trade fairs, ensuring a steady demand for Indian tea globally.
Despite rising competition, India’s diverse range of tea continues to attract international buyers, strengthening its position as a leading tea exporter.
Top 10 Largest Tea Producing States in India
1. Assam – The Largest Tea Producer
Assam stands as the undeniable leader in India’s tea production, thanks to its unique geographical location and climate.
Located in the northeastern part of the country, Assam benefits from its humid, tropical environment and rich alluvial soil, which are perfect for cultivating robust and flavorful tea.
Known for its bold and malty flavours, Assam tea is highly regarded both in domestic and international markets. The tea from this region is predominantly consumed as black tea and is a staple ingredient in most blends of chai.
Assam tea is celebrated for its strong aroma and full-bodied texture, making it one of the most sought-after varieties. This region has also been at the forefront of fair trade and organic tea initiatives, setting a benchmark for quality and sustainability in the tea industry.
Assam Tea Production Details
| Category | Details |
| State Name | Assam |
| Headquarters/Region | Dispur, Assam |
| Year of Significance | Leading tea producer since the early 19th century |
| Tea Production (MT) | Approximately 672.14 million kilograms annually |
| Key Varieties | Assam Black Tea, CTC Tea, Orthodox Tea |
| Market Share (%) | Contributes to over 50% of India’s total tea production |
| Cultivation Area | Sprawling tea estates in districts like Dibrugarh, Tinsukia, and Jorhat |
| Price Range | ₹200-₹1,200 per kg, depending on quality and grade |
| Export Contribution | Major exporter of premium quality Assam Black Tea |
| Sustainability Efforts | Focuses on organic farming, fair trade practices, and worker welfare |
2. West Bengal – The Iconic Darjeeling Tea
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West Bengal is synonymous with the world-famous Darjeeling tea, often referred to as the “Champagne of Teas” for its unparalleled aroma and delicate flavour. Nestled in the foothills of the Himalayas, Darjeeling’s tea estates benefit from the region’s cool climate, high altitude, and misty environment, producing premium-quality tea.
The leaves are carefully hand-plucked and processed, resulting in varieties such as first flush, second flush, and autumnal flush teas, each offering unique taste profiles.
Beyond Darjeeling, the Terai and Dooars regions also contribute significantly to West Bengal’s tea output. While Darjeeling teas cater to niche, high-end markets, the tea from Terai and Dooars is more robust and widely consumed across India.
West Bengal’s tea industry emphasizes sustainable farming practices and community welfare, ensuring both quality and ethical production standards. This makes the state a vital contributor to India’s tea heritage and an essential player in the global tea market.
West Bengal Tea Production Details
| Category | Details |
| State Name | West Bengal |
| Headquarters/Region | Kolkata |
| Year of Significance | Known for tea since the mid-19th century |
| Tea Production (MT) | Approximately 408.73 million kilograms annually |
| Key Varieties | Darjeeling Tea, Terai Tea, Dooars Tea |
| Market Share (%) | Contributes around 30.46% of India’s total tea production |
| Cultivation Area | Key areas include Darjeeling, Terai, and Dooars |
| Price Range | ₹100-₹1,200 per kg for Darjeeling Tea |
| Export Contribution | Major exporter of Darjeeling Tea to Europe and Japan |
| Sustainability Efforts | Focus on organic certifications and fair-trade practices |
3. Tamil Nadu – Southern Tea Paradise
Tamil Nadu is a key player in India’s tea production, with its lush Nilgiri Hills producing some of the country’s most aromatic and flavorful teas. The cool, misty climate and high altitudes of regions like Ooty, Coonoor, and Kotagiri ensure the leaves develop distinct floral and fruity notes.
Nilgiri tea is known for its smoothness and versatility, making it a favourite for blending with other teas and as a base for flavoured infusions. The tea industry in Tamil Nadu also plays a significant socio-economic role, supporting thousands of small tea growers and workers.
Many plantations in the state have adopted sustainable agricultural practices, promoting eco-friendly farming and worker welfare. With a rich history of producing high-quality teas, Tamil Nadu continues to strengthen its position as a leading tea-producing region in southern India.
Tamil Nadu Tea Production Details
| Category | Details |
| State Name | Tamil Nadu |
| Headquarters/Region | Chennai |
| Year of Significance | Known for tea since the early 20th century |
| Tea Production (MT) | Approximately 165.88 million kilograms annually |
| Key Varieties | Nilgiri Orthodox Tea, CTC Tea |
| Market Share (%) | Contributes about 10% of India’s total tea production |
| Cultivation Area | Prominent regions include Ooty, Coonoor, and Kotagiri |
| Price Range | ₹300-₹1,500 per kg |
| Export Contribution | Major supplier of Nilgiri tea to Europe and the Middle East |
| Sustainability Efforts | Focus on eco-friendly farming and worker welfare |
4. Kerala – The Lush Tea Gardens
Kerala, with its stunning landscapes and verdant tea plantations, is a significant contributor to India’s tea production. The state is known for the tea-growing regions, which are celebrated for their scenic beauty and high-quality tea.
Kerala’s teas are often characterized by their smooth texture and rich flavour, which makes them a favourite for blending and direct consumption.
In addition to its high-quality production, Kerala has embraced organic farming practices, making it a pioneer in sustainable tea cultivation.
Many tea estates in the region support eco-tourism, drawing visitors from around the globe to experience the serene beauty of tea gardens firsthand.
With its strong focus on quality and ethical farming, Kerala continues to be a major player in India’s tea industry while promoting a balance between agriculture and conservation.
Kerala Tea Production Details
| Category | Details |
| State Name | Kerala |
| Headquarters/Region | Thiruvananthapuram |
| Year of Significance | Prominent since the early 20th century |
| Tea Production (MT) | Approximately 60.36 million kilograms annually |
| Key Varieties | Orthodox Tea, Green Tea, Specialty Teas |
| Market Share (%) | Accounts for about 5% of India’s total tea output |
| Cultivation Area | Major regions include Munnar, Wayanad, Vandiperiyar |
| Price Range | ₹100-₹1,200 per kg |
| Export Contribution | Known for exporting specialty teas to Europe and the US |
| Sustainability Efforts | Strong focus on organic and sustainable farming |
5. Karnataka – The Hidden Gem
Karnataka may not be as famous as Assam or Darjeeling for its tea, but it is steadily making its mark as an emerging tea-producing state in India. The state’s tea cultivation is centred in the Chikkamagaluru district, known for its fertile soils and favourable climate.
Tea from Karnataka is noted for its distinctive aroma and moderate flavour profile, which has helped it gain recognition in domestic markets.
As tea production grows in Karnataka, so do initiatives to promote sustainable agricultural practices and support small-scale tea growers.
The state’s focus on high-quality tea and eco-friendly farming has started to attract attention from global markets. Karnataka is proving that even smaller tea-producing states can contribute meaningfully to India’s tea industry.
Karnataka Tea Production Details
| Category | Details |
| State Name | Karnataka |
| Headquarters/Region | Bengaluru |
| Year of Significance | Emerging producer since the late 20th century |
| Tea Production (MT) | Approximately 5.12 million kilograms annually |
| Key Varieties | Black Tea, Green Tea |
| Market Share (%) | Accounts for less than 1% of India’s total tea output |
| Cultivation Area | Chikkamagaluru region |
| Price Range | ₹200-₹1,000 per kg |
| Export Contribution | Small but growing share in premium exports |
| Sustainability Efforts | Emphasis on eco-friendly and small-scale farming |
6. Arunachal Pradesh – The New Entrant
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Arunachal Pradesh is quickly gaining recognition in India’s tea industry, thanks to its pristine environment and ideal climate for tea cultivation. The state’s hilly terrain, abundant rainfall, and fertile soil make it a promising area for producing high-quality tea.
Tea from Arunachal Pradesh is known for its rich flavour and unique aromatic profile, appealing to both domestic and international tea lovers.
In recent years, the state has focused on expanding its tea production through organic farming and promoting indigenous tea varieties. The picturesque tea estates in regions like Siang and Lohit have not only boosted production but also supported local communities by creating sustainable livelihoods.
Arunachal Pradesh’s tea industry is poised for significant growth as it continues to carve out its niche in India’s tea market.
Arunachal Pradesh Tea Production Details
| Category | Details |
| State Name | Arunachal Pradesh |
| Headquarters/Region | Itanagar |
| Year of Significance | Growing tea producer since the 21st century |
| Tea Production (MT) | Approximately 12 million kilograms annually |
| Key Varieties | Green Tea, Orthodox Tea |
| Market Share (%) | Accounts for less than 1% of India’s total output |
| Cultivation Area | Key regions include Siang, Lohit, and Changlang |
| Price Range | ₹650-₹3,000 per kg |
| Export Contribution | Emerging player in organic tea exports |
| Sustainability Efforts | Focus on indigenous and eco-friendly practices |
7. Himachal Pradesh – Himalayan Tea Industry
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Himachal Pradesh has a rich tradition of tea cultivation, especially in the Kangra Valley, which is renowned for its premium Kangra tea. This Himalayan region produces tea that is distinct in taste and aroma due to its high altitude and cool climate.
Kangra tea, particularly the orthodox variety, has received global recognition for its mild flavour and subtle fragrance.
The state’s tea production is relatively small but is focused on quality over quantity. Himachal Pradesh has embraced sustainable farming techniques, including organic cultivation, to preserve its natural environment.
The Kangra Valley remains a symbol of heritage tea production, blending tradition with modern agricultural practices to maintain its unique position in India’s tea industry.
Himachal Pradesh Tea Production Details
| Category | Details |
| State Name | Himachal Pradesh |
| Headquarters/Region | Shimla |
| Year of Significance | Known for tea since the mid-19th century |
| Tea Production (MT) | Approximately 1 million kilograms annually |
| Key Varieties | Kangra Tea, Orthodox Tea |
| Market Share (%) | Less than 1% of India’s total tea production |
| Cultivation Area | Predominantly Kangra Valley |
| Price Range | ₹300-₹1,000 per kg |
| Export Contribution | Focused on niche markets for orthodox tea |
| Sustainability Efforts | Promoting organic cultivation and eco-tourism |
8. Tripura – Northeastern Contribution
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Tripura, one of India’s northeastern states, is an emerging contributor to the country’s tea industry. The state’s tea cultivation history dates back to the early 20th century, with regions like Dhalai and North Tripura taking the lead in production.
Tea from Tripura is known for its robust flavour and is predominantly produced for domestic consumption. In recent years, Tripura has taken steps to modernize its tea industry by encouraging small-scale growers and promoting cooperative farming models.
These efforts have boosted production and provided sustainable livelihoods for many locals. With its emphasis on quality and worker welfare, Tripura is steadily building its reputation as a reliable tea-producing state.
Tripura Tea Production Details
| Category | Details |
| State Name | Tripura |
| Headquarters/Region | Agartala |
| Year of Significance | Producing tea since the early 20th century |
| Tea Production (MT) | Approximately 9 million kilograms annually |
| Key Varieties | Black Tea, Green Tea |
| Market Share (%) | Less than 1% of India’s total tea output |
| Cultivation Area | Dhalai, North Tripura |
| Price Range | ₹200-₹1,000 per kg |
| Export Contribution | Small but growing share in domestic markets |
| Sustainability Efforts | Focus on cooperative farming and local empowerment |
9. Sikkim – Organic Tea Excellence
Sikkim stands out in India’s tea industry for its commitment to 100% organic cultivation. The state’s Temi Tea Garden, established in 1969, is a symbol of quality and sustainability, producing premium teas that are highly sought after in niche markets.
Located in the Eastern Himalayas, Sikkim’s high-altitude climate and pristine environment create the perfect conditions for growing tea with unique flavour profiles.
Temi Tea is celebrated for its light, floral notes and smooth texture, making it a favourite among connoisseurs. Beyond its premium tea production, Sikkim emphasizes sustainable farming practices and eco-tourism.
The state’s focus on organic certification and environmentally responsible methods has not only preserved its natural beauty but also positioned Sikkim as a leader in sustainable tea cultivation.
Sikkim Tea Production Details
| Category | Details |
| State Name | Sikkim |
| Headquarters/Region | Gangtok |
| Year of Significance | Known for tea since 1969 |
| Tea Production (MT) | Approximately 1 million kilograms annually |
| Key Varieties | Organic Orthodox Tea |
| Market Share (%) | Small but significant in organic markets |
| Cultivation Area | Temi Tea Garden |
| Price Range | ₹450-₹4,000 per kg |
| Export Contribution | Focus on premium organic tea for global markets |
| Sustainability Efforts | 100% organic farming practices |
10. Nagaland – A Promising Future
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Nagaland is a budding tea-producing state that has recently gained attention for its high-quality, pesticide-free tea. The state’s rolling hills, moderate climate, and fertile soil provide an excellent environment for tea cultivation.
Although still a small player in India’s tea industry, Nagaland’s tea estates, particularly in districts like Mokokchung and Wokha, are gaining recognition for their sustainable and community-driven farming practices.
The state government, alongside local farmers, has been working to promote Nagaland’s unique teas, focusing on specialty teas that cater to health-conscious consumers.
With its emphasis on eco-friendly cultivation and innovative farming techniques, Nagaland is well-positioned to expand its footprint in both domestic and international tea markets.
Nagaland Tea Production Details
| Category | Details |
| State Name | Nagaland |
| Headquarters/Region | Kohima |
| Year of Significance | Emerging since the 21st century |
| Tea Production (MT) | Approximately 1.24 million kilograms annually |
| Key Varieties | Green Tea, Specialty Teas |
| Market Share (%) | Small but growing contribution |
| Cultivation Area | Mokokchung, Wokha |
| Price Range | ₹300-₹3,500 per kg |
| Export Contribution | Small but significant in niche tea markets |
| Sustainability Efforts | Promotes pesticide-free and eco-friendly farming |
Conclusion
India’s tea industry is a testament to the country’s rich agricultural diversity and cultural heritage. Each of the top 10 tea-producing states contributes significantly to this legacy, offering distinctive flavours and fostering sustainable practices.
From Assam’s bold and malty tea to Sikkim’s premium organic varieties, the nation’s tea-growing regions have something for everyone.
As global demand for tea continues to grow, these states remain at the forefront, ensuring India’s position as a tea powerhouse. Whether for daily consumption or as an export favourite, Indian tea symbolizes tradition, quality, and innovation. It’s a legacy brewed to perfection, sip by sip.
FAQs About Top 10 Largest Tea Producing States in India
Which state in India produces the highest quantity of tea?
Assam is the largest tea-producing state in India, contributing over 50% of the country’s total tea production annually. Its teas are known for their bold flavours and strong aroma.
What makes Darjeeling tea so special?
Darjeeling tea, often called the Champagne of Teas, is prized for its light, floral flavour and unique muscatel aroma. It grows at high altitudes in West Bengal.
Are all Indian teas produced organically?
Not all Indian teas are organic, but states like Sikkim and parts of Kerala focus on organic cultivation. Many estates adopt eco-friendly and sustainable farming methods.
What are the primary export destinations for Indian tea?
Indian tea is widely exported to countries like the UK, Russia, the Middle East, and the US. Darjeeling and Assam teas are particularly popular in these regions.
How does tea farming benefit local communities in India?
Tea farming provides jobs, housing, healthcare, and education to millions of workers, particularly in rural areas. It also supports local economies through cooperative farming models.
How does the climate in India affect tea cultivation?
India’s diverse climates, from humid plains to cool hills, create ideal conditions for different tea varieties. Seasonal changes influence flavour and yield quality.
